From bb99d8110bb370acdb30bc5a0bcb19f23344c252 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: gaoyang3513 Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2024 21:22:26 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?[Add]=20=E6=96=B0=E5=A2=9ESPI=E9=A9=B1=E5=8A=A8?= =?UTF-8?q?=20=E5=BC=80=E5=8F=91=E8=AF=B4=E6=98=8E?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- spi/ReadMe.md | 218 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 218 insertions(+) create mode 100644 spi/ReadMe.md diff --git a/spi/ReadMe.md b/spi/ReadMe.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bb66ffada --- /dev/null +++ b/spi/ReadMe.md @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ + + + +## 参考 + - linux_5.10/Documentation/spi/spi-summary.rst + + +## 概念 + +### 工作原理 + + SPI 请求将提交至IO对列。这些请求按照“先进先出(FIFO)”原则执行,在完成后将通过回调方式告知。 +当然,也有一些简单的异步封装回调方法,包含发送命令并接收应答的一类接口。 + +### 两种SPI驱动 + +#### Controller drivers ... + 此类驱动的对象为SOC片上的SPI控制器,这些控制器通常支持“Master”与“Slave”角色切换。 +此类驱动常直接访问硬件寄存器并使用DMA来提高数据传递效率,或许也可以通过CPU控制数据的每一位来控制可编程GPIO管脚。 + +#### Protocol drivers ... + 此类驱动的对象为SOC片外接的SPI设备,这些设备以“Master”或“Slave”角色接入SPI控制器,进而完成数据的传输。 + 在SPI驱动之上,可能被具象化为MTD、Audio等设备接入更上一级的子系统。 + +### 数据结构 + +`struct spi_device` 结构体是两种驱动的基类。 + +```c +#---- linux_5.10/include/linux/spi/spi.h +struct spi_device { + struct device dev; + struct spi_controller *controller; + struct spi_controller *master; /* compatibility layer */ + ... +``` + +### 框架 + +input layer, ALSA, networking, MTD, the character device framework, +or other Linux subsystems. + +### Messages + +If you like, spi_message_alloc() and spi_message_free() convenience + +### 内存管理 + +SPI设备必须管理以下两种类型内存: + +- I/O 数据; + +- spi_message\spi_transfer数据; + 可以使用spi_message_alloc()、spi_message_free()代为管理。 + + +## 示例 + +### 静态定义 + +#### 板级设备 + +##### Master +"struct platform_device" +路径:`arch/.../mach-*/board-*.c`: +```c + #include /* for mysoc_spi_data */ + + /* if your mach-* infrastructure doesn't support kernels that can + * run on multiple boards, pdata wouldn't benefit from "__init". + */ + static struct mysoc_spi_data pdata __initdata = { ... }; + + static __init board_init(void) + { + ... + /* this board only uses SPI controller #2 */ + mysoc_register_spi(2, &pdata); + ... + } +``` + +```c + #include + + static struct platform_device spi2 = { ... }; + + void mysoc_register_spi(unsigned n, struct mysoc_spi_data *pdata) + { + struct mysoc_spi_data *pdata2; + + pdata2 = kmalloc(sizeof *pdata2, GFP_KERNEL); + *pdata2 = pdata; + ... + if (n == 2) { + spi2->dev.platform_data = pdata2; + register_platform_device(&spi2); + + /* also: set up pin modes so the spi2 signals are + * visible on the relevant pins ... bootloaders on + * production boards may already have done this, but + * developer boards will often need Linux to do it. + */ + } + ... + } +``` +##### Slave +文件:`arch/.../mach-*/board-*.c`: +```c + static struct ads7846_platform_data ads_info = { + .vref_delay_usecs = 100, + .x_plate_ohms = 580, + .y_plate_ohms = 410, + }; + + static struct spi_board_info spi_board_info[] __initdata = { + { + .modalias = "ads7846", + .platform_data = &ads_info, + .mode = SPI_MODE_0, + .irq = GPIO_IRQ(31), + .max_speed_hz = 120000 /* max sample rate at 3V */ * 16, + .bus_num = 1, + .chip_select = 0, + }, + }; +``` + +```c + spi_register_board_info(spi_board_info, ARRAY_SIZE(spi_board_info)); +``` + +### 非静态定义 + +使用`spi_busnum_to_master()`查找目标SPI控制器; +使用`spi_new_device()`创建; +使用`spi_unregister_device()`销毁; + +### SPI Controller Driver + +```c + struct spi_master *master; + struct CONTROLLER *c; + + master = spi_alloc_master(dev, sizeof *c); + if (!master) + return -ENODEV; + + c = spi_master_get_devdata(master); +``` + +- `spi_[un]register_master()`注册至系统; + +#### 接口 + +- `master->setup(struct spi_device *spi)`, clock rate, SPI mode, and word sizes. +- `master->cleanup(struct spi_device *spi)`, 清除之前由`spi_device.controller_state`锁定的状态; +... +- `master->transfer_one_message(struct spi_master *master, struct spi_message *mesg)`, 发送一个mesg; + + + + +### SPI Protocol Driver + +```c + static struct spi_driver CHIP_driver = { + .driver = { + .name = "CHIP", + .owner = THIS_MODULE, + .pm = &CHIP_pm_ops, + }, + + .probe = CHIP_probe, + .remove = CHIP_remove, + }; + + + static int CHIP_probe(struct spi_device *spi) + { + struct CHIP *chip; + struct CHIP_platform_data *pdata; + + /* assuming the driver requires board-specific data: */ + pdata = &spi->dev.platform_data; + if (!pdata) + return -ENODEV; + + /* get memory for driver's per-chip state */ + chip = kzalloc(sizeof *chip, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!chip) + return -ENOMEM; + spi_set_drvdata(spi, chip); + + ... etc + return 0; + } +``` +spi_setup(), +## 属性 + +- `spi_message.is_dma_mapped`, + +## 调试 + +#### sys节点 + +- `/sys/bus/spi/devices/spiB.C` 总线B,设备C, 都是从0开始编号; +- `/sys/class/spi_master/spiB` spi_master类,总线B; +- `/sys/class/spi_slave/spiB` + + +## 备注 + +- `master->transfer(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)`, + 1. 已经被弃用; + 2. 可以打断IO对列,提前发送; \ No newline at end of file